![]() ![]() You want to choose a point in time at which the vowel formants are minimally influenced by any consonant gestures surrounding it. Look at the spectrogram of the word whose vowel you want to measure, and find a characteristic point in time to measure the formants. (1) Conceptually, the procedure for measuring formant frequencies is as follows. (6) If your formants are unclear and there seem to be multiple bars for each formants (corresponding to harmonics), choose a lower value for Window Length (.004s or. If it is too light, set it to a higher number (maybe as high as 80 or 90). (5) If the resulting spectrogram is too dark, set the dynamic range to a lower number. Set the values of the parameters so they look like Figure 2 below. ![]() from the Spectrum menu of the Edit window. (4) Make sure the parameters for the spectrogram analysis are set appropriately. The resulting display should look like Figure 1 (minus the text in the textgrid) (3) Go to the Spectrum menu of the Edit window and select Show Spectrogram. If it is much longer than that, try cutting out some of the silence between words by using Cut from the Edit menu. The total displayed time should be 2-3 seconds. You should now have rid the display of any silence at the beginning and end of the file. (2) Select the segment of the signal from the beginning of the word "heed" to the end of the word "had," and click on the sel button. You should see a window with the signal's waveform and a textgrid tier. (1) Select Sound front and Textgrid front objects, and click on Edit. (2) Textgrid front should now show up in the list of objects. Type Vowels as the tier name and also next to Which of these are point tiers? (1) Select Sound front from the object list, depress the Annotate menu button and select To Textgrid. (5) Follow steps (2)-(4) for the back vowel words ("hod," "hood," "who'd").Ĭreate a point text grid for measurements: Sound front will now appear in the list of Praat objects. (4) If the signal sounds good, type front in the box next to the To List: button, and then click the button. If it sounds distorted, try recording again, putting the microphone further from your mouth, or lowering the gain in the control panel. Make sure it does not sound distorted (as it would sound if it were "clipped," ie., recorded at a level so high that it cuts off the top and bottom of the signal). (3) Listen to the waveform that you just recorded. Read the list of words: "heed, hid, head, had." Hit the stop button again to stop recording. (2) When you are ready to record, hit the record button. (1) Follow the procedures in the handout Using Praat to set up for a recording. For consonant contexts, stay away from labials, velars, liquids, glides, nasals. You should find a set of (near)-minimal forms. If you are a speaker of some language other than English, and would like to examine the vowels of that language instead, you may make up a comparable minimal set of front and back vowel words. You will record the following two sets of words: Make spectrograms of these utterances and estimates of the formant To do so, you will record a set of words that minimallyĬontrast in their vowels, and use the application Praat to ![]() Measure the formants frequencies associated with your own vowel General Phonetics Measuring Formant Frequencies ![]()
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